ORIGIN & DEVELOPMENT:
International Exhibition in Vienna [1873]- Exhibit from an American School with maps, charts, text books, and other equipments won admiration.
1955- Ford Foundation experts Dr. Alvin C. Enrich & Dr. Alexander J. Stoddard made use of technology for mass instruction using suitable machines and systems.
MEANING OF EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY
Educational Technology is the application of scientific principles or principles drawn from any branch of knowledge to the development of some technique, method, device, model, or design which improves the quality of any existing practice in education.
ET is not confined to teaching or instruction only, but encompasses administration, testing, curriculum development, teacher training, etc.
DEFINITIONS OF EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY
Department of Education & Science, U.K.: ‘Educational Technology is the development, application, and evaluation of systems, techniques, and aids in the field of human learning.’
G. O. M. Leith [1967]:
‘Educational Technology is application of scientific knowledge about learning, and the conditions of learning to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of teaching and learning.’
L. K. Davis [1971]:
‘Educational technology is concerned with the problems of education and training and is characterized by a disciplined and systematic approach to the organization of resources for learning’.
Scottish Council Of Education and Technology:
‘Educational Technology is a systematic approach to designing and evaluating teaming and teaching methods and methodologies; and to the application and exploitation of media and the current knowledge of communication techniques in education , both formal and informal.’
NATURE & CHARACTERISTICS OF Educational Technology :
Educational Technology:
-is the application of scientific principles to education.
- lays stress on the development of methods and techniques for effective teaching- learning.
- stresses the organization of learning situations for the effective realization of the goals of education.
- emphasizes the designing of measuring instruments for testing learning outcomes.
- facilitates learning by controlling environment, media and methods.
- involves input, output and process aspect of education.
CONCLUSION:
Educational Technology is a very comprehensive term and is not to be viewed in terms of its parts or processes.
It is not synonymous to Audio- Visual Aids in education. Nor is it confined to the use of electronic media in education.
It includes Instructional Technology, Teaching Technology, Programmed Learning, Microteaching and System Analysis, etc.
